The Role Of Roles Of The Formation And Development Of...

Although environment does play an important role in the formation and development of gender roles, it is not the only influence of gender roles. Biology also plays an important part in the determination of gender roles. In 1978, Braggio et al gathered data on the topic of cross specie observational study on the comparisons of the behavior of children, juvenile chimpanzees, and juvenile orangutans (Jarvis 269). The results showed a consistency of males performing a higher RT (physically vigorous sets of behavior such as chase, jump and play fight (Jarvis 268)) frequency across all three species. The researchers argue that this is caused by hormonal determinism in the two genders. Whatson and Stirling (1992) concluded that those male infants across three species commonly possess a source of testosterone, which exerts an organizing effect upon behavior (Jarvis 269). Jarvis promotes an evolutionary argument for this phenomenon; since ancient times, male creatures had to compete against other conspecifics for survival resources. Thus those who managed to do so are more likely to survive and pass on their genetics with such traits (Jarvis 269). Rough and Tumble play exist almost entirely in males. Since the only similarity all the subjects from cross-cultural and cross-specie is gender, it is safe to assume that there is a linkage between biology and RT. 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When developing a daycare design, a consultant needs to keep these elements in mind to foster the optimal development in young children. Vygotsky’s theory can be applied in a daycare setting to foster cognitive development. When guiding children

Ci The Most Secretive Government Agency - 1863 Words

What’s the most secretive government agency in the world? You guessed right, it’s the Central Intelligence Agency. The Agency as the insiders like to call it, is one of the greatest intelligence agencies in the world. I’m going to talk about several aspects of the CIA which will include the history, roles, responsibilities, and other various tidbits of information that are pertinent to the Agency. The CIA has a history that is shrouded in mystery. The Agency’s history is rich with patriotic acts that rival the likes of the GRU (Russian Intelligence), MI6 (British Intelligence), and Mossad (Israeli Intelligence). These agencies are some of the top Intelligence Agencies in the world, yet the CIA is constantly topping the list by being the†¦show more content†¦President Bush then created the D(CIA) position, which isn’t much different from the previous positions. While creating this act, he also created the NCTC and DNI position. The present D(CIA) is John O. Brennan, he reports to the Director of National Intelligence, was nominated by the President and selected by the Senate. He primarily manages operations, personnel, and the agencies budget. The CIA’s headquarters is in Langley, Virginia. The Agency has been involved in several different historic wars, the most recent being the â€Å"War on Terrorism†. They were involved in Operation Neptune Spear which is arguably the most important operation that the CIA was ever involved in. Neptune Spear was where the CIA and the Navy Seals worked in a joint operation together to assassinate Osama Bin Laden. There are several different roles and responsibilities that the CIA, these roles and responsibilities range from intelligence gathering to covert operations designated by the President. The Agencies roles include collecting, analyzing, evaluating and disseminating foreign intelligence. They also assist the President, senior government officials and policy maker s in making decisions relating to national security. However, the CIA does not make policy, they follow the policy designated by the President and various other senior officials. When the POTUS receives intelligence from his officials, he in turn tells the D(CIA) that the agency

Is there Truth in Art Essay Example For Students

Is there Truth in Art? Essay Art is all things made by man which are collectively perceived to have creative value, including but not limited to: elegant mathematical proofs, interesting cosmological models, paintings, and great literary works. All of these â€Å"frivolous† activities by their nature lead us closer to truth. Plato will of course disagree with this claiming that by further skewing the shadows on the walls of his cave we are obviously further from truth. However, isn’t refocusing our lens the best way to capture more of the picture. Art lets us shift our perception and communicate it to our species. Paintings, which are held of value, did not get to that position by mistake. It was a conscious decision of our species to consider it art. The perspective the artist provides is one that is possibly different from our own. Looking at the night sky everyone sees something different, but we all have Van Gough’s Starry Night to interpret together. This offers us a liberating new glance towards beliefs we may already hold. While it can be argued that culture affects our perception too heavily to be open to new ideas portrayed in art, through expression of a new way in approach those who wish to see beyond what their rose coloured glasses show them, have an opportunity to see. In an epistemological pursuit for knowledge, language is a way to express new paradigms and reform old ones. The central problem is without a universal way of expression it is difficult to transmit knowledge across our diverse peoples. Art like the use of metaphor or an elegant mathematical, allows us to understand the ideas and move past the problems of language. For example, almost all representations of the inner working of atoms have been given through metaphor. Thompson’s raisin bun model to describe the way electrons and protons were arranged permitted Bohr to prove him wrong and devise a new method. Similarly, in the case of the epicycles, this perfectly crafted idea was destroyed by Copernicus and Galileo only after it had been understood. An iconoclast cannot fulfil his duty without knowledge of the traditional knowledge he is destroying. These artistic representations give us a way into both seeing and understand the current in order to create the future. As a new way of seeing and a way into understanding, ideas with artistic appeal give us a collective view of the world that no other species, which we know of, is privileged with. We are given the gift of not only experiencing the world around us, but trying to comprehend it.

The Trip To The New England Colonies free essay sample

Essay, Research Paper The Trip to The New England Colonies My trip started off with the 30 twenty-four hours ocean trip across the mighty Atlantic. Not cognizing that I would be sent to the well established settlement of Jamestown. I would be remaining with the mean household. They are to allow me remain on history of rent from my publishing house in England. My tenant, a well developed adult male. He runs a silverworker store. He is besides an creative person. I am certain he will demo me pieces of his work. His married woman, a really friendly lady from the studies. She is half Indian. They have 2 boies. Both good built and are really gracious. They are immature grownups. So far in twenty-four hours 12 of my 30 twenty-four hours ocean trip I don? Ts have any illness symptoms. I had seen many people eating icky nutrient and non cognizing it. I was afraid so I ate every bit small as possible. We will write a custom essay sample on The Trip To The New England Colonies or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I knew I could do it. Finally twenty-four hours 28 had reached. I was excited to be off the seashore of Jamestown. I figured that by the clip we reached at the dock that we would be in for the dainty of fresh nutrient. The H2O on board is yellow and it stinks. The nutrient is turning this so called hair. It was awful to eat but we had nil else. It was past midnight and I cant slumber due to the crowded floors. I hear a voice, # 8220 ; I heard we? ve reached the point. # 8221 ; I began to acquire aroused and over whelmed. I eventually could eat something fresh. I ran up to the deck non cognizing that the captain wasn? T in his cabin. He looked up to the cat on the Crow? s nest. He said, # 8220 ; Sir I see land. # 8221 ; I neer think it would go on. I made it. The Sun was get downing to come out and light began to uncover land. I could see the garrison but it was a weak position. I see the people at the seashore line wave and happy to see the riders. I couldn? T Tell who I was to accommodate with but I thought I had an thought. There was a nice household standing in the far left. I think that they new what I looked like. After a hebdomad had gone by I got used to the life. I helped out with my portion of jobs and in the store. I helped out with the male childs analyzing. I didn? T know that here they learn how to read from the Bible. After a few months had past I began to observe about the household? s traditions and things they do. I began to see Mrs. Wise have more and more Quilting Bee parties. The Boys do more work around the store. Besides Mr. Wise ease off working every bit hard. He must get downing to base on balls the concern on T o the male childs. At the Quilting Bee parties Mrs. Wise would hold several ladies over and hold a party out of doing a comforter. Most of these parties had around 20 people. The put together several people because it makes it faster to do comforters. I noticed several misss larning from their female parents how to sew and so 4th. I besides noted about there importance of Church. I saw that their discourses lasted 2 or 3 hours. Back in England they lasted around 20 proceedingss. They would socialise and observe major events during church besides. I noted that the Indians there taught the settlers really good. They taught them how to pin down fish, and happen wild herbs and leafy vegetables. Although subsequently Roger Williams a clergy was about arrested in 1636 for back uping land rights for Native Americans. I saw many enslaved people. The Wises did non believe in bondage. African Americans were either slaves or apprenticed retainers. In 1775 I learned they were one fifth of the population. Trading was of import to the settlers. Merchants helped to interrupt the barrier between settlements. They helped to do better integrity. I noted about the towns category differences. Most were in-between category. Native Americans ranked at the underside of the category list. They were neer treated with regard for all the thing s that they did for settlers. Gentry were known as the rich people. The apparels told about the adult male. I notice the turning struggle traveling on between Native Americans and Settler in the struggle over the land. The settler killed the Native Americans by disease, guns, and intoxicant. The Natives didn? T have an unsusceptibility to the disease like the settlers did. The settlers matrimony rites were really different than that in England. The Quakers didn? Ts have a curate at the nuptials. They besides married at place non at church. Marriage was for life. Wifes could non run off with out the hubby giving a divorce. Their spiritual rites were different excessively. They had a Sabbath twenty-four hours on Sunday. It was required that you be at that place unless you were making work. Their version of the bible Teachs instructions for the settlers. Virginia daring was the first English babe born in America. So in all the New England settlements are first-class in faith and work. They have developed really good. They largely follow the same guidelines as England except with a few corrections and curves to regulations. 350

Free Essays on Japanese Architecture In The 20th Century

Once pariahs in the Tokyo architecture world, Kathryn Findlay and Eisaku Ushida are now being embraced - at least by some - as its only hope. by Adam Davidson During those walks - as they compared their responses to the parks - it became obvious just how divergent their philosophies were. They began to develop a new way of thinking about architecture, one that incorporated both Findlay's attraction to the irregular appearance of the gardens and Ushida's love of their artful formalism. This new approach has resulted in some of most original, beautiful, and functional buildings in Tokyo, where their practice is now based. In a remarkably eclectic city, the forms, the materials, and the site plans of their houses bear no resemblance to those of other structures. Among the clean Modernist lines and planes of their neighbors, Ushida Findlay houses twist and bulge bizarrely. In a country where every architect hopes to create an ideal form, Findlay and Ushida prefer to blur the distinct ions between their creations and the natural landscape."They're special," says Peter Cook, chairman of architecture at the Bartlett School in London, and Findlay's former tutor at the Architectural Association (AA). "They may be the most special architects of their generation. They're getting quite a lot of mileage in England - they're getting onto competition lists, into publications, they pull in large crowds at lectures." Along with the praise has come work in Britain. They recently finished designing an apartment building for the Homes for the Future project, part of Glasgow 1999 - the central focus of the city's yearlong celebration of architecture and design - which is their largest commission to date in any country. They were also among six finalists (a shortlist that included Frank Gehry and Norman Foster) in one of the most prestigious British design competitions of the past decade, for the 1996 Financial Times Millennium Bridge spanning t... Free Essays on Japanese Architecture In The 20th Century Free Essays on Japanese Architecture In The 20th Century Once pariahs in the Tokyo architecture world, Kathryn Findlay and Eisaku Ushida are now being embraced - at least by some - as its only hope. by Adam Davidson During those walks - as they compared their responses to the parks - it became obvious just how divergent their philosophies were. They began to develop a new way of thinking about architecture, one that incorporated both Findlay's attraction to the irregular appearance of the gardens and Ushida's love of their artful formalism. This new approach has resulted in some of most original, beautiful, and functional buildings in Tokyo, where their practice is now based. In a remarkably eclectic city, the forms, the materials, and the site plans of their houses bear no resemblance to those of other structures. Among the clean Modernist lines and planes of their neighbors, Ushida Findlay houses twist and bulge bizarrely. In a country where every architect hopes to create an ideal form, Findlay and Ushida prefer to blur the distinct ions between their creations and the natural landscape."They're special," says Peter Cook, chairman of architecture at the Bartlett School in London, and Findlay's former tutor at the Architectural Association (AA). "They may be the most special architects of their generation. They're getting quite a lot of mileage in England - they're getting onto competition lists, into publications, they pull in large crowds at lectures." Along with the praise has come work in Britain. They recently finished designing an apartment building for the Homes for the Future project, part of Glasgow 1999 - the central focus of the city's yearlong celebration of architecture and design - which is their largest commission to date in any country. They were also among six finalists (a shortlist that included Frank Gehry and Norman Foster) in one of the most prestigious British design competitions of the past decade, for the 1996 Financial Times Millennium Bridge spanning t...

Gandhis Concept of Satyagraha Essays

Gandhis Concept of Satyagraha Essays Gandhis Concept of Satyagraha Essay Gandhis Concept of Satyagraha Essay Gandhis non-violent individual can be described using the two concepts that are most important in his philosophy: ahimsa and satyagraha. Ahimsa, of course is the principle of non-violence. Mahatma Ghandi believes that the love of God or the Supreme Being must necessarily manifest in all of our actions. This means that we should practice non-violence. In Ghandis spiritual point of view, we have struggles that we need to fight internally. These are desires, fear, worry, and anxieties. But these fights should only occur inside; we should never involve ourselves with other beings. Thus, Ghandis non-violent individual must never cause harm to others. This person must not kill any living thing or harm it in any way. If we do harm other living things, we will reap the negative karma that comes with it. But this principle of non-violence does no stay in the realm of religion. Gandhi also argued that this principle can be applied to politics as well through non-violent satyagrahas. Satyagraha is a practice that Ghandi developed in order for us to apply the principle of non-violence even in resistance. This principle is useful in politics and society especially when we are being oppressed or mistreated. We cannot just let ourselves be hurt and oppressed because of the principle of non-violence. If we do, people will definitely take advantage of us. Ghandis Satyagraha has influenced a lot of people in history such as Nelson Mandela and Martin Luther King in their fight for freedom, equality and social justice. Satyagraha is the eagerness to follow the truth principles and following non-violence at the same time. Some people seek the truth through Satyagraha by fasting for days until the truth is revealed. : Workers go on strike in the name of Satyagraha when they have complaints with the management. But this is already deviating to the real meaning of Stayagraha spiritually – which is finding the truth through the will of God or the Supreme Being. The general concept of Satyagraha for Ghandi is inflicting suffering on ones self, and not to your opponents (Gandhi, 1914). If we feel that there is something wrong with the society, we should not apply passive resistance or even active resistance with violence. Rather, we should seek the truth and practice patience and love. In patience, we will find suffering. But for those who suffer, the truth will eventually be revealed. Satyagraha is important in the concept of Swaraj or self-governance. This originated from Ghandis plight to make India free from foreign colonizers. In Swaraj, governance does not come in the form of hierarchy but in community and individual development. Politics is decentralized so that the people can improve themselves by practicing Stayagraha. They will inevitably be patient with one another and contribute to the truth in self-governance. But they will not be silent about wring and unequal things. In fact, they must be vocal about this such as the social movements that this had inspired in India. Thus, the non-violent person inspired by Satyagarha will be useful in the Swaraj. He must be obedient to the rules in the community by practicing patience and self control. He must seek to improve himself through obedience. Yet, when there is something that needs to be publicly expressed as wrong, the attention of the civil government must be called so that proper action can be taken (Gandhi, 1961). For example, if a person sees that women’s’ rights is not being given properly, then this non-violent person must let his plight be known. Especially in India, this is a contemporary human rights issue. In a modern world where women are already treated as equal to men, the Indian society still think of women a subordinate. And this is the source of their various practices that are really oppressive to their women. Most Indians believe that women have no decision making capability nor do they have power over money and the household. Because they observe this within the society for so many years, very few have resisted. Women have been patient and enduring suffering through non-violence. But the true non-violent person according to Ghandi must make this problem known in order for it to be solved. He will fast about it or even hold a strike, but there must be no-violence or retribution is involved. The decision will still be in the hands of the civil government. But he himself will not be oppressive to women, as part of the virtue of non-violence. If we look at the same issue and see what a person with Kants enlightenment would do, I can say that he will be courageous and will step up to say what it wrong. Kant believes that people are not using their intellect and the capability to discern the violations of human rights because they lack courage (Kant, 1784). That is why this person will use his own decisions and intellect in order for the human rights violations against women to be corrected. Most likely, he will seek to tell women to have courage so they could use their own intellect in getting the rights that they deserve as human beings. If a person follows Mills concepts in On Liberty, he will be very vocal about womens rights ecause a person must be sovereign above himself (Mill, 1869). We are not subordinates to other people. So the oppression of women will not be justified according to this person. He will not let women be oppressed and he will most likely teach women on how to speak up for the rights that they deserve and not let other people rule over their lives. References: Gandhi, Mahatma. â€Å"The Theory and Practice of Satyagraha† Indian Opinion, 1914. Gandhi, Mahatma. â€Å"Non-violent Resistance (Satyagraha)† 1961. Kant, Immanuel. â€Å"What is Enlightenment? † 1784. Mill, John Stuart. â€Å"On Liberty. † 1869.

Rubric Activity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Rubric Activity - Essay Example are that students should never lose interest in reading habit [ since drawing a picture to emphasize the meaning of the lesson will remain in their mind at the time recollecting what they have learned], once the students feel easy to recollect and understand what they have learned they will not get distracted by other activities , this will also improve their ability to explain things that they face new, finally students will be encouraged gradually to develop their reading habit in terms of making them flexible to understand the meaning of what they read new. A rubric has to be formulated to assess their learning development. The categories that are to be included with this rubric are Drawing pictures while teaching a new concept, asking them to guess what it represents before going into detail, teaching the concept and asking them what they have understood, linking the picture and explaining, finding out the response from the students, linking the resources used, finally to make them do the same by giving a new task in the class itself. This will show a good result

Comparing and Contrasting Two works of Art Essay

Comparing and Contrasting Two works of Art - Essay Example These two works of art have a couple of similarities regarding their identity. The two effigies contain inscriptions. The Babylonian piece contains groups of laws. Similarly, the Roman column encompasses figures as well as an engraving that gives a remark so people can make sense of the structure. It talks about the people of Rome dedicating the image to Caesar. Moreover, the engravings were created following a certain order. The decrees were written in respect to the social status of the people. For instance, the rulings specified how a certain sanction will be applied to a noble citizen or to a slave. The column also has divisions in its carvings. The depicted wars were split into the two battles. The upper part portrays the war with the Dacians from 101 AD to 102 AD whereas the lower part showed what transpired from 105 AD-106 AD. Though their observable contents are dissimilar, their underlying theme is the same. The Code sought to honor Hammurabi’s wisdom and views on jus tice. Likewise, the Column commemorated the excellence of Trajan’s warfare skills. On the other hand, the differences regarding the statues’ identity are the material, artists, dating, and themes depicted. The artist responsible for the Code of Hammurabi’s construction is not yet verified since it is among the ancient works. It was found in 1901 by Gustave Jequier. He was an Egyptologist who was in an expedition. Nonetheless, the Column of Trajan was most likely overseen by Apollodorus, the known architect from Damascus. Furthermore, the material used in creating the legal code was a crude stone slab. Other duplicates of the manuscripts were found in other places (Freely, 2000). They were imprinted on tablets made of baked clay. Another copy of the Code is on a diorite stele and it is currently in The Louvre. The index shaped structure features an almost complete version of the laws. Regarding the Roman triumphal column, it is mainly made of marble (Lancaster, 1 999). The hollow beam consists of Carrara marble drums. Spiral stairs occupy the center. The huge edifice stands 30 meters or 98 feet high. The gap between the two works of art regarding their period is quite discernible. The Code came centuries before Trajan’s column. Their respective features speak of differences of craftsmanship that reflect the civilization of their times. The subsequent erection characterizes finer and more advanced craftsmanship. They also have distinctions as to their manifest content. While the Code of Hammurabi concentrates on what is accepted and what is not in their society, Trajan’s Column focuses on the settings that represent crusades against their enemies. A total of 2500 figures were found. Most of them were soldiers, priests, and soldiers. The emperor was illustrated 59 times. The 282 laws encompass conditions on trade, slavery, conducts, religion, and others (King, 2005). One of the most common decrees found in the slab is â€Å"an e ye for an eye† (Prince, 1904, p.602). The sanctions reflect how restrictions, punishments, and authorizations were being facilitated. Concerning the similarities of style, the two pieces are both realistic and geometrical. The king’s proclamations are credibly inscribed on the tablets and steles. Correspondingly, the column displays the realistic activities of the individuals organizing and involving in clashes. Particularly, Trajan’

ASA Bangladesh Essay Example for Free

ASA Bangladesh Essay ASA stands for Association for Social Advancement, which is a non-governmental organization aiming at helping poor people to get out of poverty. Bangladesh earned its independence in 1971, but because of the war, the whole country needed to be reconstructed. The unstable and bureaucratic political system slowed down the speed of economic development. In the meantime, some small non-governmental organizations stepped into Bangladesh to help the local people restore their life in different respects. The official ASA website shows that the organization was founded in 1978 with its goal of empowering the poor. In the beginning phase, ASA started some programs such as â€Å"training program, communication support service program and legal aid and awareness build-up program†. The results of the programs, however, were below expectations. There were several limitations in developing ASA. For example, the employers had difficulty to get paid; the design of the programs was not consistent with the local situation; the natural disaster happened at that time. All these factors forced the managers to formulate a practical solution. ASA began to favor women as clients and addressed social concerns, such as education, sanitation and health. Since 1992, ASA has launched special programs in savings, credit and security fund areas (emergency loans or insurance), which are still the main financial businesses at ASA. Main Services of ASA The annual report of the year 2011 states that the main services of ASA include loans, savings, insurance, a Technical Assistance (TA) program and ASA’s sister concern Hope for the Poorest (HP). The new program introduced is the Primary Education Strengthening Program. The following product descriptions are based on the ASA official website. 1. Loans ASA provides two kinds of loans—primary loans and special loans. Primary loans aim at providing financial support for poor people, who can get a maximum first loan from $105 to $265 based on their specific situations. Special loans are designed for enterprises or entrepreneurs with the initial maximum amount from $662 to $6500. Both kinds of loans carry a maximum of 27% interest and weekly or monthly payment. For primary loans, the payback period is normally up to one year (4, 6 or 12 months); for special loans, the duration is from 1 to 2.5 years (12, 18, 24 or 30 months). 2. Savings With respect to a savings account, people have three choices: mandatory savings, voluntary savings and long-term savings. Mandatory savings are especially for clients who have loans at ASA with a deposit rate of at least BDT 10. As an additional choice, the mandatory savings’ clients are able to choose voluntary savings with any deposit rate greater than BDT 10. Both savings accounts earn interest monthly with 6% annual rate of return. The savers are allowed to withdraw the money anytime but they have to keep the balances no lower than 5% of the loan amount. Long-term savings are suitable for everybody. The savers do not need to have loans or any other relationship with ASA. The deposit rate for this account can be Tk. 50 to Tk. 500 per month (specifically Tk. 50, Tk. 100, Tk. 200, Tk. 300, Tk. 400 or Tk. 500). For a 5-year account, the interest rate is 9% annually; for a 10-year account, the interest rate is 12% annually. If clients need to withdraw prior to maturity, they will receive the money at a lower rate of return. 3. Insurance The insurance products include loan insurance and life insurance. All loan borrowers are mandatorily enrolled in these two insurance programs. The premium of loan insurance is â€Å"BDT 5 for a loanee or BDT 10 for a loanee and his/her spouse per thousand loan disbursement†. Clients have to pay the premium before disbursement. The life insurance program requires BDT 10 as premium for eight years. The premium is included in the loan installment. 4. ASA University Bangladesh The university provides higher education with an affordable tuition payment. Meanwhile, the managerial level of the university tries their best to offer advanced facilities and experienced faculties for the students. They combine theoretical and practical learning and the university deserves credit for the high employment rate. 5. WASH program and TA program WASH stands for water, sanitation and hygiene. This program aims at improving the condition of sanitation in very poor places. TA, technical assistance, sends staff to different countries and areas to help people who are in difficult financial situations to improve ASA’s reputation. Avoiding Adverse Selection and Moral Hazard Researchers argue that ASA does not have a series of complicated criteria for getting loans. The borrowers should have income lower than $50 a month and must attend one group meeting a week for 4 weeks plus saving Tk. 10 per week. After that, they are able to get a loan (Ahmmed, n.d.). The same idea is also presented in the work of Sheikh and Amin (2011), which indicates that ASA follows a very similar model to Grameen Bank’s. They send supervisors to inspect borrowers’ businesses and hold mandatory weekly meetings for borrowers to share experience and to take suggestions from others. ASA also collects repayments in that meeting and keeps track of the group performances (p.356) From the product perspective, ASA secures their loans to some extent. All borrowers have to be in the savings program and leave at least 5% of the loan amount in the account. The loan insurance enhances this security as well. All these methods keep the institution from getting a high default rate. In fact, it turns out that borrowers are willing to pay back the loans on time. Special Points about ASA In the microfinance world in Bangladesh, ASA is famous for its innovative ideas, namely high efficiency and low costs. At ASA, staff use a different accounting method which is easy to master, so they do not need to have an accountant in the office. Secondly, every branch has freedom of preparing its own target and is allowed to deposit or withdraw money whenever it needs to. Thirdly, the set-up engenders less hierarchy. The regional managers are also the supervisors; credit officers have the authority to grant loans. As compared to Grameen Bank, ASA minimizes its staff numbers and cuts layers as much as it can. Lastly, ASA does not have any training program, neither training center nor trainers. â€Å"Work routines are standardized and simplified so that new recruits need only a few days of supervised work experience in a branch before being sending off to another one to start work†.1 Challenges ASA Faces: 1. Interest Rate of Return Microfinance differs from common banking. MFIs should be allowed to charge a higher interest rate to at least cover the costs of processing the loans. However, in Asia, the biggest potential market, governments control the interest rates in some extent. This regulation interfere the development of Microfinance. 2ASA, as a main MFI in India, has the same difficulty in its business as well. 2. The Weakness of the Insurance Bangladesh is an undeveloped country with many problems that are hard to solve, such as a high unemployment rate, lack of health insurance, gender discrimination and liabilities to floods. Though ASA forces all members to get enrolled in the insurance program, it does not guarantee to collect the premium from every member on time. Nearly all members have the difficulty of balancing their payments and normal life expenses. 3. Entering into the Poorest Areas Sarder and Nabi (n.d.), who work at headquarter of Bangladesh Bank, claimed that â€Å"MFIs/NGOs could not become able effectively to reach among the people of economically backward regions of the country. As a result, MFIs showed poor performance to reduce poverty in economically poor areas.† Because of the special features of MFI, it is not realistic to develop its business in the very poor place without any government assistance. Keeping the balance is already a challenge for ASA; if there is no financial support from local governments, ASA, and other MFIs, cannot enter into these places without budget concerns. Different features of Grameen Bank, BRAC and ASA First, though all three institutions require borrowers to have a certain amount of landholding, the specific criteria are different. By Grameen Bank, the member needs to have at least half an acre landholding; the other two institution have a looser clause of landholding, which is maximum half an acre. In order to insure the borrower’s repayment ability, BRAC and ASA lend money only to people whose families have at least one family member earning wages. Second, from the perspective of group size, Grameen Bank has the smallest one, which includes only 5 members. ASA’s group is 4 times larger than Grameen Bank’s. And BRAC has the largest group members—30 to 40 people per group. Third, each of these institutions asks the members to save weekly. Grameen Bank and ASA both require 10 Taka a week, while BRAC requires for 20 Taka per week. Fourth, Grameen Bank and BRAC have the same credit delivery mechanism, which is 50 weeks for one loan cycle with 20% interest rate and maximum loan size of Tk. 10,000. ASA, however, has a shorter loan cycle which is 46 weeks with 15% interest rate and the maximum loan size of Tk. 5000 to TK. 7000. Implications: The successful experience of ASA shows that microfinance needs both variety product designs and effective guarantee methods for repayments. ASA provides different loans or saving programs for different borrowers, which helps the institution to reach as many potential clients as it can. Meanwhile, the insurance policies prevent a certain default rate. This design brings out the best in each other.

Free College Essays - Character Analysis of Othello :: GCSE Coursework Shakespeare Othello

Character Analysis of Othello In the play Othello, the character of Othello has certain traits which make him seem naive and unsophisticated compared to many other people. This is why Iago, to get his just rewards uses him as a scapegoat. Iago told Roderigo, " O,sir, content you. I follow him [Othello] to serve my turn upon him "(I, i lines 38-9). Iago is saying, he only follows Othello to a point, and upon reaching it he will not follow him any longer. Iago has opened my eyes to see the real meaning of deceit. No matter what, Iago will try to take advantage of Othello any time and he will be easily lead to believe the lies of Iago. The Moor, as many Venetians call him, is of strong character. He is very proud and in control of every move throughout the play. The control is not only of power but of the sense of his being who he is, a great warrior. In Act I, Othello has a scuffle with Brabantio, who has come to kill him, but before anything could happen Othello said, "Hold your hands, both of you of my inclining and the rest. Were it my cue to fight, I should have known it without a prompter" (I, ii, lines 80-3). The power shown here is quite astounding. The nature of Othello's character is of a dark man. A dark man, not only because he is black, but also because his whole person is very mysterious. He is mysterious in that he believes there is magic brewing everywhere. With this dark side he is also very outgoing, and not very bright. He isn't observant and the schemes of Iago work well on him. Though he doesn't reflect too much on his past, except occasional ventures of wars fought, he does let his emotions run his life. For all the dangers and encounters he has been involved in, this man is still naive of the corruptness of other individuals. Othello has a trusting nature in which he gives it all. He put all his trust in Iago during times of war and during Othello's marriage to Desdemona. This wasn't very bright of Othello, even if he wasn't

Chem 1301

Syallubus for CHEM 1301 General Chemistry I Fall 2011 SCIE 2. 106, M,W: 2:35-3:50 Instructor Name: Dr. J. G. Parsons Email: [email  protected] edu Office: Science room number: 3. 348 Phone: Office : 381-7462 Office Hours: M/W: 1:30-2:30 or by appointment CRN: 12626 REQUIRED MATERIALS: Text Book: Chemistry by Julia Burdge (ISBN 978-0-07-302554-4) Scientific calculator (ARIS software package Required) RECOMMENDED MATERIALS: Burdge study guide Blackboard web course and a UTPA email address. CREDIT: Lecture credit: 3 hours. laboratory is a separate one hour course ,1101 series). PREREQUISITES: One year of high school chemistry. College level algebra recommended. Grading: Grading will be based on a 100 point scale 90 – 100 points = A 80 – 89 = B 70 -79 = C 60 – 69 = D Below 60 = F Breakdown of points is as follows: 65% 4 unit exams (lowest is dropped) 10% Homework/Quiz grade 20% final exam. EXPECTIONS and OUTCOMES: 1. To understand and apply methods and appropriate technology to the study of natural sciences. 2.To recognize scientific and quantitative methods and the differences between these approches and other methods of inquiry and to communicate findings, analyses and interpretation both orally and in writing. 3. To identify and recognize the differences among competing scientific theories. 1 4. To demonstrate knowlegdge of the major issues and problems facing modern science, including issuses that touch upon ethics, values, and public policies. 5. To demonstrate knowledge of the interdependence of science and technology and their influence on, and contribution to, modern culture.CLASSROOM POLICIES: Only chemistry questions will be addressed in class. All other questions about the course or grading will be addressed individually during office hours. A schedule showing due dates for assignments and exams will be available on Blackboard. Attendence: Attendance may be taken periodically. Professors will have the option of dropping a student a fter three unexplained absences. Students arriving late to class should notify me that they are present. Class roles are periodically taken and attendence from groups work is also noted.Make-up exams will not be given. The lowest exam score will be dropped and in cases where students miss an exam for any reason, that exam will be the one dropped. Missing two exams usually results in a F for the course. Cheating: Students will be dropped from this course for cheating. Cheating consists of submitting someone else’s work under your name, obtaining information from someone other than the instructor during an exam. Cellular Phones: Cellular phones and/or beepers should be turned off or set to vibrate during the class period. ============================================================== Disability: If you have a documented disability which will make it difficult for you to carry out the work as outlined and/or if you need special accommodations or assistance due to the disability, please contact the Office of Services for Persons with Disabilities (OSPD), at Emilia Ramirez-Schunior Hall, Rm. 1. 101 immediately, or the Associate Director at [email  protected] edu,; 956/316-7005. Appropriate arrangements/ accommodations can be made. =============================================================== TENTETATIVE SCHEDULE: Weeks 1-4: Unit I Stoichiometry: Ratios of Combination: Reactions in Aqueous Solutions: First Exam Monday, Sept. 19th, 2010 Weeks 5-8: Unit II Gases: Thermochemistry Second Exam CHAPTER 3 CHAPTER 4 CHAPTER 11 CHAPTER 5 Monday Oct. 17th, 2001 Weeks 9-12 Unit III Quantum Theory and the Electronic Structure of Atom Electronic Configuration and the Perodic Table Third Exam Monday Nov 16th, 2010 Weeks 13-15 Unit IV Chemical Bonding I Basic Concepts Chemical Bonding II, Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories Organic Chemistry: Fourth Exam Dec. th, 2010 Important Dates: Sept. 5th 2009 Sept 14th 2009 Sept 27th 2009 Nov. 14th, 2009 Nov 24th, 25th, 2009 Nov 27th, 2009 Dec 8th-9th CHAPTER 6 CHAPTER 7 CHAPTER 8 CHAPTER 9 CHAPTER 10 Labor Day (University Closed) Census day Last day to Change Courses Last day to drop Thanksgiving (University Closed) Classes Resume Study Days no classes Final Exam: Dec 10th -16th, 2011 Final Exams Week (Final Exam Monday Dec 12th, 2011, 1:15-3:00) This calendar is tentative and subject to slight Variation. Course Evaluation: Simply log in to UTPA Assist self service using your UTPA username & password.Click on Student Services> then click Student Records> click on Student Evaluations link> then click on Evaluation link next to the course you wish to evaluate> then click Submit. To see a tutorial, follow this link: http://cdl. utpa. edu/tutorials/surveydig/ 3 The chart below shows information that is required and optional topics that will be covered timepermitting in CHEM 1301. Sequence Chap 1-2 Required Parsons – CHEM 1301 Have Powerpoint presentations for Chaps 1&2, hand-out materials, pre-test and pretest answers available on Blackboard. Optional Parsons – CHEM 1301 Homework Set I (with answers) provided through Blackboard.Two optional review sessions (I on Dimensional Analysis and II on Nomenclature) scheduled on the Course Calendar (also available on Blackboard) Requirements for a chemical reaction to be balanced; charge balance and mass balance. Chap 3 The Mole Concept and Mole Mass/Stoichiometry Calculations, Balancing Chemical Equations, % Composition and Determining Simple/Emperical Formulas Oxidation –Reduction Reactions; Precipitation Reactions; Acid-Base Reactions Molarity and Dilutions Problems, Solution Stoichiometry Problems, Balancing Oxidation-Reduction Reactions.Concepts of Pressure, Volume, and Absolute Temperature; The Gas Laws; The Ideal Gas Equation; Molecular Speed; Real Gases and the van de Waals Equation, Gas-Stoichiometry Problems; the Kinetic Molecular Theory; Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures and Raoult’s Law Introducti on to Thermodynamics, Pressure-Volume Work and Heat, Internal Energy, Enthalpy; Calorimetry, Hess’s Law, Heats of Formation and State Functions Quantum Theory, Quantum Numbers, Electron Configuration, Orbital Diagrams, Sets of Quantum Numbers, The Line Spectrum of Hydrogen; Chap 4 Chapt 11Use of the Solubility Rules to write precipitation reactions and net-ionic reactions. Use of the Activity Series to write reactions showing displacement of hydrogen by active metals. Meaning of terms electrolyte, strong electrolye, weak electrolyte and non-electrolyte. Properties of Gases, Reactions with Gaseous Reactants and Products, Degrees of Freedom for particles in the free state, the liquid state and the solid state; a comparison of gases, liquids and solids as to compressibility, density, and particles freedom of motion Units of Energy, Enthalpy, Standard Enthalpies of Formation, Constant Pressure processes vs.Constant Volume Processes Chap 5 Chap 6 Properties of Waves, The de Brogli e Hypothesis; The Uncertainty Principle, Atomic Orbitals, Electron Configurations and the Periodic Table; the Schrodinger Equation Chap 7 Periodic Trends in Properties of Elements; Ions of Main Group Elements, Ionization energy, electron affinity, Atomic Radius Lewis Dot Symbols, Electronegativity and Polarity; Drawing Lewis Structures; Formal Charge Molecular Geometry-VSEPR, Valence Bond Theory, The Modern Periodic Table; Effective Nuclear Charge, Nuclear Shielding, IonicRadius; Isoelectronic series, metallic character Ionic Bonding; Covalent Bonding, Exceptions to the Octet Rule; Bond Enthalpy, Resonance Molecular Geometry and Polarity, Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals, Molecular Orbital Theory Hybridization in Molecules Containing Multiple Bonds Molecules, Organic Reactions; Organic Polymers, Isomerism Chap 8 Chap 9 Chap 10 Why Carbon is Different, Representing Organic Molecules, Classes of Organic Compounds, Basic Organic Nomenclature 4

Aging Ad Analysis

Advertisement of products through media is constantly used by marketing as a way by which they are able to educate the public regarding the features of their products which are provided for heir consumers. Among the favorite topics of advertising today is regarding the products that feature anti-aging chemicals helping the old-aged people look young and cover their age years through the use of beauty products.Yes, as clearly seen, immortality is among the most wanted features of the public from products. Ironically, this could never be possible and could never be provided by any product. However, staying young basing from the looks of a person is at least a relief from all the doubtful feelings brought about by the fact of aging.Hence, to be able to cater to this social demand, clinical scientists and chemical engineers try to formulate ways by which they could address to he said need of humanity.How does advertising cater to this social want? Moreover, how much does advertising affe ct the human reaction towards aging and its reality? These questions shall be addressed in the paragraphs that follow as the advertising systems of Olay products against aging shall be observed by the author of this paper.OLAY Company and Their ProductsOne of the leading companies that cater to the need of people to feel young and beautiful amidst their age is Olay Company. It produces numerous products that help the lessening of the effects of aging on human skin. Mostly, their products try to alleviate the lines in the skin, especially on the face of people that are usually obvious as the person gains age.This is the reason why on most advertisements of the company, especially concerning televised marketing, it could be noticed that the focus of the artists are on the way their skin feels and looks like.It is simply like erasing the lines of age from the face and feeling young again. Of course, this could not be considered as a way by which people gain immortality. However, the fa ct that the ‘feel-good’ feature of the products usually give the notion of becoming renewed and rejuvenated in many ways just because of thinking that they grew younger once more.The vitality that the products provide makes the consumers feel refreshed, Hence, the more they are able to live life to its fullest. Furthermore, most of the television commercials of the said products claim that beauty becomes radiant if the person that ‘wears it’ feels good from within.For this reason, the trust that the consumers have on the products of the company, which are mostly based from their ability to persuade through their advertisements, makes the consumers more radiantly reflecting the beauty they feel from within.One of their advertisements through the Internet posted the following claims:â€Å"Any moisturiser – regardless of price – can claim to smooth wrinkles because it will temporarily plump the skin. â€Å"Using any moisturising product will he lp reduce fine lines and wrinkles by between 12 and 15 per cent,† says Dr John Sullivan, acting head of dermatology at Liverpool Hospital. â€Å"A more expensive moisturiser might smell better and feel nicer on your skin. But it's not actually anti-ageing; it's just a temporary effect while you're using the product.†Source: smh.com.au. (2006). Wrinkle power. http://www.smh.com.au/news/beauty/wrinkle-power/2006/10/24/1161455723591.html. (December 7, 2006)Obviously, the advertisement cited above encourages the consumers to purchase the product that they advertise through stating that the product ensures the user of a wrinkle-free skin. Hence, beauty is rather portrayed in terms of having a flawless skin and un-aged physical features. Everything is obviously based upon the physical attributes of a person.Social Effects of the AdvertisementsWhere did all this wanting to stay young and remain ‘immortal’ in a sense came from? Mostly, as Susan Mc Carthy mentioned in her article entitled â€Å"On Immortality†, the source of this social wanting of being young at all times possible is based upon the fact that the system of the human body is obviously able to support its own self towards immortality.This study has been proved through the continuous research of scientists with regards the amazing structure of the human body and the wondrous make up of the human cells as well as their ability to reproduce on themselves.Hence, knowing this, many people, especially the experts, claim that immortality is indeed possible. The certainties though of producing human genome projects that would rather cater to this human demand for longer life are not as strong as it may seem. As a result, the human society at present is trying to make itself feel at ease through the beauty products produced through cosmetics companies.However, instead of feeling more at ease, there are numerous people who feel more obliged and frustrated with regards to being †˜beautiful and young’. Those who are especially unable to purchase beauty products feel the doubts of being totally beautiful or socially accepted in terms of their physical appearance. Most often, they end up wanting more than what they could actually have.The feature of advertisements towards anti-aging has led the society in viewing life as a mere epitome of the need of being beautiful. The constant posts of the said television or even the printed ads have created a notion on people’s minds regarding the need of a person to stay beautiful and young amidst their age gains.ConclusionAging is not bad. As a fact, aging is a sign of experience and wisdom. During the earlier times, it could not be denied that the aging features of the physical attributes of a person set him in a higher level of integrity compared to others in the society.However, with the development of technology and further enhancement of marketing strategies in media, old age has been viewed by the mo dern society as an unwanted truth in human life. Hence, the production of products that would help alleviate the doubts brought about by aging symptoms which becomes obvious on the physical features of a person have been boosted and still continuously developed.True, the want of being young at all times and the notion of incurring immortality would continuously interest people. Perhaps, the creator pf mankind has undoubtedly implanted this though upon the human mind because of the fact that HE himself plans something better for humans in the future. For who else is better to provide the needs of the creations than the creator himself?

Free Essays on Causes Of War

There is no doubt that the country of Egypt has had a long and cherished history. Geographically located at the crossroads of Africa, Asia, Europe, and the middle east, Egypt’s strategic position on the globe has tempted and been sought after by countless empires, regimes, and kingdoms throughout history. Yet the Egyptians have still managed to keep their unique identity. This is no more evident than in the events that occurred in 1952, when Egypt finally gained independence from the British. With the country seemingly back in the hands of the Egyptian people it would seem that life would begin to improve for the majority of poor Egyptian citizens. However, in reality it has been quite the opposite. Since the revolution, Egypt has seen numerous wars that have come to have a direct negative impact on the political, economic, social, and foreign relation aspects of Egyptian society and has been the main reason to the countries’ stifled growth. The notion of war has also m anaged to grip Egypt in a way that has sent her into a never-ending spiral of war leading to even more war, evolving from wars of occupation, to Arab-Israeli wars, to religious civil wars. Although Egypt gained independence from Britain in 1952, they could not escape two aspects that would come to shape the region until the present day. First, was the notion that the key to political control lied in security and police forces. Typically the British spent two-thirds of total expenditure in this area, which in turn left little for health, education, welfare, etc. This concept would later mirror the administrations policy after independence. The second legacy Great Britain left for the Egyptians, and the rest of the Arab world was their signing of the Balfour declaration, and the consequential implications of the birth of Israel. The history between the two countries is ancient and complex, and the new situation would come to be one of the most primary global issues si... Free Essays on Causes Of War Free Essays on Causes Of War There is no doubt that the country of Egypt has had a long and cherished history. Geographically located at the crossroads of Africa, Asia, Europe, and the middle east, Egypt’s strategic position on the globe has tempted and been sought after by countless empires, regimes, and kingdoms throughout history. Yet the Egyptians have still managed to keep their unique identity. This is no more evident than in the events that occurred in 1952, when Egypt finally gained independence from the British. With the country seemingly back in the hands of the Egyptian people it would seem that life would begin to improve for the majority of poor Egyptian citizens. However, in reality it has been quite the opposite. Since the revolution, Egypt has seen numerous wars that have come to have a direct negative impact on the political, economic, social, and foreign relation aspects of Egyptian society and has been the main reason to the countries’ stifled growth. The notion of war has also m anaged to grip Egypt in a way that has sent her into a never-ending spiral of war leading to even more war, evolving from wars of occupation, to Arab-Israeli wars, to religious civil wars. Although Egypt gained independence from Britain in 1952, they could not escape two aspects that would come to shape the region until the present day. First, was the notion that the key to political control lied in security and police forces. Typically the British spent two-thirds of total expenditure in this area, which in turn left little for health, education, welfare, etc. This concept would later mirror the administrations policy after independence. The second legacy Great Britain left for the Egyptians, and the rest of the Arab world was their signing of the Balfour declaration, and the consequential implications of the birth of Israel. The history between the two countries is ancient and complex, and the new situation would come to be one of the most primary global issues si...

Charles Bukowski and His Works Essays

Charles Bukowski and His Works Essays Charles Bukowski and His Works Essay Charles Bukowski and His Works Essay Henry Charles Bukowski writing was influenced by the social, cultural, and economic ambience of Los Angeles. He left home after his father read some of his stories and went berserk, destroying his output and throwing his possessions out onto the lawn, a lawn that the young Bukowski had to mow weekly and would be beaten for if the grass wasnt perfectly cut. Bukowski was born in 1920 in Andernach, Germany. He died on March 9, 1994 in San Pedro, California. He was a German American poet, novelist, and story writer. Bukowski wrote thousands of poems, hundreds of short tories and six novels, eventually publishing over sixty books. He had a bad history with hospitals; he had to undergo three treatments for removal of separate skin cancers, treatments for tuberculosis, cataracts, and chemotherapy for leukemia. He married his second wife Linda Lee and she stayed with him till he died and didnt remarry. Bukowskis poem Girlfriends is about how he will not let any of his past lovers enter his life. He refuses to see them when they arrive out of state because it would be too awkward and pointless. know some people who can watch the same movie more than once he compares his past lovers to a movie and says he isnt one of those people who replay movies over and over again. He knows the plot, beginning, and ending, everything. So there was no point in repeating history if he knows he cannot rewrite it. The literary device most often used in this poem is metaphor. Bukowski often compares the women in his pas t to other things. l know some people who can watch the same movie more than once he states that he knows people who et their past lovers in their life again. Not me. Once I know the plot once I know the ending whether its happy or unhappy or Just plain dumb, then for me that movie is finished, forever. Bukowski doesnt want another yesterday coming in his life because that was the past and its a past he very well knows the ending to. Charles Bukowski didnt really have any rhyme scheme in this poem particularly. He writes most of his poems in free verse. This allows the reader to slow down and not to speed up like people usually do in poems that rhyme. When you read his poem it almost makes you want to slow down and read it in a calm voice, to make you think about each and every word he wrote. The metaphors he uses are significant because they convey a certain theme and make it clear as to what he is talking about. The metaphor makes the mood more understandable, because people debate that you should give second chances but he is saying he rather leave the past untouched. Hence the purpose for this line, l refuse to let any of my old movies play over and over again for years. The metaphor makes his tone sound assertive and sure of all the decisions he has made. For example this line lets people know that he is not like others because of the metaphor and his choice for punctuation marks I know some people who can watch the same movie more than once. Not me. I selected this poet out of the thousands even millions of poets there are because I felt like he was the most realist. Bukowski wrote on about what was going on in the world which he lived in like no other. He wrote about portrayal of life in general and Los Angeles in articular, his usually selt-reterential, otten angry poetry and prose typically depicts alcoholics, drug addicts, criminals, prostitutes, and other outcasts. I love the fact that most of the poems I read, he didnt try to rhyme, and he Just tried to tell things as they were. This poem makes me debate if I should side with his opinion or not. He clearly states that the past is the past and it should stay forgotten (relationship wise), which I somewhat agree with. But some people who get second chances and try to ake up for the wrong theyVe done succeed at it. Then again why try again with something you know what is the ending to, wouldnt it be better to love someone who can make you fall in love with every day? It sounds better than messing with another yesterday. I would recommend this poem to teenagers and young adults, even people over the age of 30! I would recommend it to that age group because his writing is mature and not intended for kids. Overall I am glad I was on tumblr and stumbled upon one of Henry Bukowskis poems.

Business Change Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Business Change Management - Essay Example Perhaps the space between the new organization design and implementing it into actuality is the whole coverage of organization change and development. People are adaptive to change. However, certain skills must be present from the initiators of change so as to successfully implement their project. Thus, managers need to have the necessary abilities not only in detecting what needs to be changed but also how to introduce the change effectively. According to Moran and Avergun (1997) "Change consists of a series of closer and closer approximation of increasingly ambiguous goals which are embraced by more and more members of the organization. For this reason, change often seems endless and confusing. Often those involved in the change process feel overwhelmed and powerless." This paper provides discussion of how change can be managed in order to avoid people from feeling overwhelmed and powerless. Arguments that claim differing statements regarding this notion of change management are likewise presented through the use of management concepts and theories that are relevant to the discussion. As such, the paper provides the (a) definition and importance of change management, (b) strategic implementation of change management, and (c) means and ways of coping and adapting effectively to changes in the management within the organization. Finally, a conclusion summarizing the highlights of the discussion and the reflexive analysis of the author is presented. Change Management Definition and importance. Change management is basically defined as the formulation and assimilation of change in a methodical process. The major objective of change management is the introduction of innovative means and systems in the work organization. Businesses must normally undergo change in order to evolve to a higher level of for instance, stability, management or production. Appointing a new head officer, for example, can greatly enhance his subordinates based on his management principles and personality. Adding a new member in the organization or reconstructing an old company program are called smaller versions of change and are significantly different from that of change management. The scope of organizational change is much wider as compared to minor company changes. This may include changing the company's mission, reforming business operations, application of new technologies, major group efforts, or adoption of new programs. Usually, the organization is encouraged on settling on change management due to external influences, usually termed as the environment (Nickols, 2004). Thus, change management can alternately be defined as the response of different business to changes brought about by environmental influences in which organizations have minimal or absolutely no control over. Organizational change is part of and a result of struggles between contradictory forces, also change management practice is related with endeavoring to manage their competing demands. To understand why and how to change organizations, it is first necessary to understand their structures, management and behaviour. According to Burnes (1996) these systems of ideas are crucial to change managemen

Manufacturing engineering application Personal Statement

Manufacturing engineering application - Personal Statement Example This will be a good opportunity for me to grow in this field and gain all the insight I need as an engineer. Manufacturing Engineering is my passion and I have never had any trouble identifying my ambitions. What I enjoy most about the program is the diversity the course presents me. Projects are varied, wide, and each one of them distinct which are every reason I find the subject interesting. A degree in manufacturing engineering is very pertinent to my future career, it is one of those subjects that will fortify my engineering knowledge and equip me with the skills I need for successful jobs completion in future. I am certain that a degree on the same will provide me with the knowhow I require for a professional job in a plethora of sectors such as  industry, consultancy, finance, and public services. Beside my dream to pursue manufacturing engineering, the background I have on business engineering management makes me an eligible student for the program. I have chosen manufacturing engineering because I want to be a part of design technology that will see the cost of energy in production cut and ozone depletion reduced. To me, a career in material engineering is all I need as it will put me in the forefront of fighting for the improvement of the global environment and counter climate change. This subject does not only excite but intrigue me and I feel I have to master it in the near future. Engineering demands a few more skills for an increased productivity. Such include communication skills and excellence in a team-based work approach. It demands appreciation and understanding of the fact that holistic approach is vital in successful manufacturing engineering. I pay full attention to detail, readily accept responsibility, and I have been commended for exercising good judgment. The experience I have had in college and in the field has given me the understanding of

Entrepreneurship and New Ventures Research Paper

Entrepreneurship and New Ventures - Research Paper Example Because of these trends, there has been explosive growth in profitability in health clubs devoted to women’s needs that are both exclusive and have programs that are designed with female camaraderie in mind. In fact, in 2005, the entire global health club industry reported over 105 million members, with well over 50 percent concentrated in the United States (ihrsa.org, 2006). This indicates a sizeable potential market even when futher deconstructing the existing market to include only women and their active participation and desire in health club membership. Since the market for health clubs is divided nearly 50/50 for men and women who currently hold membership, it should be assumed that the potential market opportunities for health club development and ownership consists of 52 million women. What can explain this growing interest in the female market (consisting of 18-60 year old market characteristics) for health club use and membership? There are many factors that are both motivational at the intrinsic level and also relating to personal desire for a better body to satisfy vanity and tangible health care needs. Offers one expert organization pertaining to the health club industry, â€Å"women want to work out without having to worry about looking fat, sweaty or makeup free in front of a bunch of men they don’t know† (Dean, 2011, p.1). Women who are interested in women-only health clubs are finding personal camaraderie with others in an environment where they can comfortably exercise among women with similar body characteristics or other fitness goals. These environments provide for a sense of privacy and exclusivity and also maintain the potential to develop many long-term friendships developed through the sharing of individual health goal needs. There are also motivational elements that continue to provide intense profit for existing women’s only health clubs. According to Marandi, Little & Sekhon (2006), the values that drive w omen to these health clubs is a personal sense of accomplishment, self-respect, a more active lifestyle, and establishment of a sense of personal belonging with others. These motivational elements are psychologically-driven and are essentially uniform between all age groups, marital status, occupation, and lifestyle security (Marandi, et al.). Much to the advantage of this proposed health club development, there are no specific markets requiring segmentation that would supersede another, thus, again, providing virtually unlimited market potential with an active 52 million female market group. The industry outlook is significant, as existing companies that specialize in women’s health needs continue to diversify their product offerings and programs to sustain the benefits of women looking to establish better self-image and personal health. It is common in this industry to gain extended marketing presence and profitability through supplementary vitamin products, health and well ness books, and also the existence of new personal training activities such as massage therapists and other club professionals. Since 2009, 37.4 percent of all adults (both male and female) have used some variety of health

Customs and traditions in the USA Essay Example for Free

Customs and traditions in the USA Essay Customs and traditions are important part of our culture, of our lives. Customs and traditions unite, build community. They provide identity. They tie us to our ancestors and heritage. They remind us of where we came from. Every country and every nation has its own traditions and customs. Its very important to know traditions and customs of different people. It will help you to know more about the history and life of different nations and countries. Custom is a traditional and widely accepted way of behaving or doing something that is specific to a particular society, place, or time; a thing that one does habitually. Tradition is the transmission of customs or beliefs from generation to generation, or the fact of being passed on in this way; long-established custom or belief that has been passed on from one generation to another All countries have their social customs and peculiarities, and the US is no exception. The first group of custom which is worth speaking about is connected with meeting someone. When meeting someone for the first time, it is customary to shake hands, both for men and for women. Hugs are only exchanged between close friends. Kissing is not common. Among friends, it’s common for men to kiss ladies on one or both cheeks. Men don’t usually kiss or embrace each other. Americans usually introduce themselves by their first name and last name (such as â€Å"Hello, I’m John Smith†), or, if the setting is very casual, by their first name only (â€Å"Hi, I’m John†). The common response when someone is introduced to you is â€Å"Pleased to meet you.† Americans generally dislike formality or any sort of social deference due to age or position, and most quickly say ‘Please call me Rick (or Rita)’. To Americans, informality shows no lack of respect. Because of the rise of women’s liberation in America, women may be introduced with the title ‘Ms’ (pronounced ‘mizz’) and some women object to being addressed as ‘Miss’ or ‘Mrs’. In some social circles, women are introduced after their husbands, e.g. Mrs Chuck Whizzkid, in which case you shouldn’t address her as Chuck! Americans often reply ‘You’re Welcome’ or something similar when somebody thanks them, and they may think you’re impolite if you don’t do likewise. If someone asks ‘How are you?’, it’s usual to reply ‘Fine thanks’ and don’t complain even if you feel dreadful. Americans don’t have status or inherited titles (e.g. Sir or Lord) but it is necessary to defer to people with a professional title which has been earned. These include foreign diplomats (e.g. Sir), members of the Senate (Senator) or Congress (Congressman/Congresswoman), judges, medical doctors and others with a doctorate, military officers (e.g. General, Colonel), professors, priests and other religious ministers (e.g. Father, Rabbi, Reverend). If you’re invited to dinner, it’s customary to take along a small present, e.g. flowers, a plant, chocolates or a bottle of wine (but nothing extravagant or ostentatious). But choosing flowers you should remember that American people pay attention to the meaning of flowers. For example carnations are associated with bad luck, chrysanthemums are for cemeteries and roses signify love. Guests are normally expected to be punctual with the exception of certain society parties, when late arrival is de rigueur (provided you don’t arrive after the celebrity guest). It’s usual to arrive half an hour to an hour after the official start of a dance. Invitations to cocktail parties or receptions may state 5pm to 7pm, in which case you may arrive at any time between these hours. Dinner invitations are often phrased as 8pm for 8.30pm. This means you should arrive at 8pm for drinks and dinner will be served at 8.30pm. Anyone who arrives late for dinner or doesn’t turn up at all, should expect to be excluded from future guest lists. On the other hand, you must never arrive early. The custom of not taking off the shoes is peculiar to Americans. That is why don’t think of whether you should take off your shoes or not. If it is necessary the host will warn you about it himself. When watching American films I always wondered why Americans did not take off their footwear. The matter turns out to be that there is no much dirty and dust in American streets. Some people who were in America say that it is possible to sit on some pavements and not to make oneself dirty. One more reason explaining this custom is that majority of Americans prefer driving but not going of foot. That is why they are not afraid of dirtying their houses. Some families say grace before meals, so follow your host’s example before tucking in. Table manners are more relaxed in the U.S. than in many other countries. The fork is held in the right hand and is used for eating. The knife is used to cut something. To use the knife, the fork is switched to the left hand. To continue eating, the fork is switched back to the right hand. Don’t overstay your welcome. This becomes obvious when your host starts looking at his watch, talking about his early start the next day. The custom which is also typical for the USA is tipping. Most Americans are shocked by anyone who doesn’t tip or who tips too little. The one you will encounter most often is at restaurants. American restaurants do not add a service charge to the bill. Therefore it is expected that the customer will leave a tip for the server. Common practice is to leave a tip that is equal to 15% of the total bill for acceptable service, and about 20% for superior service. If the service was unusually poor, then you could leave a smaller tip, about 10%. Other professions where tipping is expected include hairdressers, taxi drivers, hotel porters, parking valets, and bartenders. The general rule is to tip approximately 15% of the bill. In situations where there is no bill the tip may range from $1 to $5, depending on the type of establishment and on how good the service was. The custom of tipping came to America from Great Britain. In the 18th century in Great Britain the boxes with the inscription T.I.P.S. which was meant To Insure Prompt Service were on the tables during having tea. Then this term came to America. Baby showers have been a tradition in the US for a long time now, and are growing in popularity here, too. What better excuse is there for getting a group of friends together than to celebrate a new life? Plus, the mum-to-be get lots of great presents for her and her baby, result! The only person who shouldnt arrange a baby shower is the mum-to-be. The whole event should be great fun and completely stress-free for her. Friends, family or work colleagues are the usual organizers. You could either keep it as a surprise for the mum-to-be, or tell her what you are planning. Baby showers usually have some sort of baby theme to get everyone in the mood. Popular themes include: Teddy bears tea party. Get hold of as many teddies as you can and make sure each guest brings one, too! As presents, they could bring teddy bear-related books. The cake could be in the shape of a teddy bear. You get the general idea! Nursery rhymes. Arrange toys linked to nursery rhymes around the room , such as shoes (There was an old lady), a spider (Little Miss Muffet), a bucket (Jack Jills pail), and toy boats (Row row row your boat). Ask guests if they can count how many rhymes are represented. Books. Ask each guest to bring a book that meant something to them as a child. Its a great way for mum to start up her childs library. For decoration, everyone could also bring books to arrange around the room. The cake could be in the shape of a fairytale book. One more tradition connected with babies is to give a baby a birthstone. The Tradition of Birthstones goes back further than written history. People wear jewelry containing stones designated for their Birth Month. In the USA there are a lot of traditions connecting with wedding. It is known that before marriage engagement takes place. As a rule a man invite a woman to the restaurant to make her a proposal. Engagement ring obligatory should have a brilliant. The diamond engagement ring originated with King Maximillian who presented Mary of Burgundy with a diamond ring in 1477 as a token of his love. And the ring is presented unexpectedly. It may found in the glass of champagne by the woman or in the bud of the rose. To my mind this tradition is very romantic. The tradition of a Bachelor Party which is held for the Groom and usually sponsored by The Best Man the night before the Wedding and a Bridal Shower which is usually sponsored by The Brides Maid is very popular in the USA. By the way the number of bridesmaids in America amount from two to twenty. The tradition of bridesmaids dressing the same as each other and in similar style to the bride comes from ancient days when it was believed that evil spirits have a more difficult time distinguishing which one is the bride and putting a hex on her. The tradition of a Wedding Rehearsal Dinner also takes place in America. It is usually celebrated between the immediate families of spouses in the late afternoon the day before the wedding. The Grooms Family traditionally provides for this celebration. The Wedding Ceremony is most often performed as part of a religious ceremony each with its own specific customs and traditions. On the day of the wedding the Groom does not see the Bride until the actual ceremony. As Custom would have it from Victorian Times: the Bride wears Something Old, Something New, Something Borrowed, Something Blue, and a Sixpence in her shoe. The bride and groom exchange their rings to mark the permanent commitment of the new spouses to each other. The rings should be gold. According to history gold rings signified a financial sacrifice on the part of the prospective husband. Ring finger is the fourth ringer which is considered to be connected directly to the heart by a route that was called â€Å"the vein of love.† In the USA tradition of engraving of wedding rings is popular. The kiss on weddings dates back to the earliest days of civilization in the Middle East. A kiss was used as the formal seal to agreements, contracts, etc. In Ancient Rome a kiss was still being used as the legal bold to seal contracts. Hence the obvious use of the custom at the end of the wedding ceremony to â€Å"seal† the marriage vows. After the wedding ceremony newlyweds are covered with rice which is used as a symbol of fertility and as a wish for a â€Å"full pantry†. A Wedding Reception is usually held after the ceremony for all family and friends to celebrate. The Brides Family usually provides for this celebration. Traditionally the groom’s flower, worn on his lapel, usually matches one of the flowers in his bride’s bouquet. This tradition goes back to medieval times when knights wore the colors of their lady in tournaments. All of us know the tradition of throwing bridal bouquet and garter. The history of this tradition is very interesting I believe. In parts of Europe during the 14th contrary, having a piece of the bride’s clothing was thought to bring good luck. Guests would literally destroy the brides dress by ripping off pieces of fabric. In order to prevent this, brides began throwing their bouquets to the unwed girls. And grooms began to throw garter to unmarried men. One more wedding tradition is connected with CARRYING THE BRIDE OVER THE THRESHOLD Traditionally, the bride had to enter her new home the first time through the front door. If she tripped or stumbled while entering it was considered to be very bad luck. And the groom carried her over the threshold les she should stumble. Hence the tradition of the groom carrying the bride over the threshold. They bring us all together, no matter where we are. We can all relate to them and understand each other because we all use them. It is also a great connection for family and friends. There are traditions that are upheld for hundreds of years that are so important in our hearts. It links and connects us to past members of our family and our world whom we may never have gotten the chance to meet. They teach us about ourselves, our families, and the world around us. We can learn our history, why this tradition was started and what it signifies when we follow it today. They can work as the glue that holds us together. They are our culture, our heritage; they are us.

Coming Back to Life in the story The River Styx Runs Upstream Essay

It’s a universally know truth that death is certain and people cannot live forever. In the story The River Styx Runs Upstream, the author Dan Simmons predicts and interprets the way our lives would be different if that fact was altered. Simmons’s story describes the way the society and people would function if people were brought back from the dead. The title of the story is ironic since rivers run downstream and not upstream and it’s also not coincidental that the river Styx is a river which according to Greek mythology separates our world from the underworld. The story is narrated by a young boy whose mother dies and is brought back to life. Looking at the events in his life and examining his attitude and others towards resurrected people the understanding of the dead is acknowledged. There are many beneficial and detrimental effects of bringing people back to life, but the people who bring back the dead ones fail to recognize the unpleasant effects their actio ns will have on their family. The narrator of the story, one of the younger brothers is satisfied with the fact that his mother is living again and is brought back to life. However what he fails to realize because he is so young that his mother and his family will never be the same again. His mother will never be the same mother the boy remembers before she was dead. When they first bring her in, she is not what they boy remembers, â€Å"...her face was flushed and healthy, almost sunburned. Her skin wasn't cold. It was just different." The resurrected can never fully recover and must be under constant supervision. The father was told that would happen, he was told to think of it as a â€Å"stroke†, but he failed to realize that the stoke isn’t temporary and it won’t be nurse back ... ...ir peers, no one will speak to them in school and the kids make fun of them. The two boys are then forced to transfer to private schools where no one makes fun of them, but kids still don’t make the effort to befriend them. The boys are shunned from their social circle and are forced to just play together all the time. Both the boys have trouble falling asleep, and the older boy, Simon, always has the same reoccurring nightmare about his mother â€Å"grinning at him, not smiling, but grinning real wide... her teeth... filed down to points." It get so emotionally frustrating for the boys to be around her that Simon convinces the younger brother to run away with him so they no longer have to be in her presence. After the father learns that the boys tried to run away her tries to take a family vacation where Simon, who is so distraught by the resurrection commits suicide.

Determinants of Earnings

Determinants of Earnings Improving someone’s success in the labour market is a main objective of both family and policy makers, especially those with low earning in recent years. In the classic view of labour earning, we assume that the skills of individuals are the dominant factor to determine the earnings’ level. However, the recent year study manifests multiple factors have been weighed more than before.To illustrate this new situation, it believes that individuals’ successes in labour market are quite differentiated from one’s family background support, capacities to contribute to production or service, genetics, the education level, and the working experience in the labour market. Specifically, the low earning individuals’ situation can be well-persuasive proof for it. An individual might hold various earnings at the same time such as the interest of saving, stock, fund of dividend income and property of real estate of individual.The developed labour market economy directs that an individual’s earning is equal to the number of production factors sold by the individual times the price of various elements. Personal income is equal to market income and transfer payment. A majority of market income comes from wages and salaries. Few of market income come from property rights. The transfer payment of the government is mainly for those old men’s social security. In standard of earning equation for individuals of the same race and sex in Canada, between two thirds and four fifth of the variance of the natural logarithm of wages or of annual earning is unexplained by the above variables. † This statement is said by Bowles (2001). A few of the variance is contributed by the unstable factor of earnings and response error. For example, from the more detailed Employers’ Manpower and Skills Practices Survey of 1693 British employers reported in Green, Machin and Wilkenson (1998).Of the somewhat more than a t hird of the establishments reporting the â€Å"skill shortage†, personnel managers identified the recruitment problem as â€Å"lack of technical skills† in 43 percent of the cases. However, â€Å"poor attitude, motivation, or personality† in a remarkable 62 percent of the cases. Poor attitude was by far the most important reason for the recruitment difficulty given. The importance of motivation relative to technical skill was even greater among the full sample. Such a model, however, is readily provided, even within a fully competitive framework.If disequilibrium rents arising from technological or other shocks are persistent and if labor services are not subject to enforceable contracts, individual behavioral traits unrelated to productive capacities may bear a positive price. For example, aspects of an individual’s personality such as fatalism or impatience may reduce the likelihood of capturing disequilibrium rents and dampen the employee’s resp onse to common employer strategies aimed at eliciting high levels of labor effort.Furthermore, the behavioral traits that contributed to high income in some works might have the negative effects. For instance, an individual who prefer not to subordinate himself to others will be highly successful in some works, but abject failures in others. â€Å"Understanding why individual characteristics that are not skills may be rewarded in a competitive labor market may enhance the explanatory power and policy relevance of the human capital model by shedding some light on how schooling and other human investments raise individual earnings. † Bowles mentioned in 2001.

Case Discussion: Learning Curve “B” †Assignment Essay

What do you estimate the buyer should pay per unit for the next 700 pieces assuming the supplier demonstrates a 75% learning curve? What if the learning rate is actually 85%? What do you estimate is the per unit cost of the next 700 pieces? 1.A:$178/unit at a 75% Learning Curve 212/unit at an 85% Learning Curve 2. Under what conditions can we use learning curves to estimate prices? In other words, when does the learning curve apply? 2. A:The Learning Curve is applicable when used for new products or processes that have a high potential for improvement, such as producing a technically complex item for the first time, or when an item has high direct-labor content. 3.Why can we use rough estimates when applying learning curves? 3. A:Assuming a reduction in time will follow a predictable pattern, and because it is predictable, we can develop estimates. 4.Why do manual processes experience greater learning curves than automated processes? 4. A:The worker has the ability to learn and improve through repetitive effort and increased efficiency. 5.Are there factors besides learning that can help reduce costs as volume increases? 5. A:Modifications to the production process; such as introducing new production methods, substituting increased automation for labor, or updating process technology.